19 ActiveRecord: Relationships Between Tables 17 Migration
echo "Order.column_names" | IRBRC=tmp/irbrc rails console
Loading development environment (Rails 3.0.1.pre)
>> Order.column_names
=> ["id", "name", "address", "email", "pay_type", "created_at", "updated_at", "customer_email", "placed_at", "attn", "order_type", "ship_class", "amount", "state"]
>>
echo "Order.columns_hash[\"pay_type\"]" | IRBRC=tmp/irbrc rails console
Loading development environment (Rails 3.0.1.pre)
>> Order.columns_hash["pay_type"]
=> #<ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::SQLiteColumn:0xb6ba85b8 @primary=false, @name="pay_type", @null=true, @type=:string, @sql_type="varchar(10)", @scale=nil, @limit=10, @default=nil, @precision=nil>
>>
sqlite3> select * from orders limit 1
id = 1
name = Dave Thomas
address = 123 Main St
email = customer@example.com
pay_type = check
created_at = 2010-09-06 01:12:22.967719
updated_at = 2010-09-06 01:12:22.967719
customer_email =
placed_at = 2010-09-06 01:14:39.629373
attn =
order_type =
ship_class = priority
amount =
state =
echo "Product.find(:first).updated_at_before_type_cast" | IRBRC=tmp/irbrc rails console
Loading development environment (Rails 3.0.1.pre)
>> Product.find(:first).updated_at_before_type_cast
=> "2010-09-06 01:11:35.362997"
>>
irb e1/ar/new_examples.rb
>> $: << File.dirname(__FILE__)
=> ["/home/rubys/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p302/gems/sqlite3-ruby-1.3.1/lib", "/home/rubys/git/rails/lib", "/home/rubys/git/rails/railties/lib", "/home/rubys/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p302/gems/thor-0.14.0/lib", "/home/rubys/git/rails/activeresource/lib", "/home/rubys/git/rails/activerecord/lib", "/home/rubys/git/rails/actionmailer/lib", "/home/rubys/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p302/gems/mail-2.2.5/lib", "/home/rubys/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p302/gems/treetop-1.4.8/lib", "/home/rubys/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p302/gems/polyglot-0.3.1/lib", "/home/rubys/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p302/gems/mime-types-1.16/lib", "/home/rubys/git/rails/actionpack/lib", "/home/rubys/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p302/gems/tzinfo-0.3.23/lib", "/home/rubys/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p302/gems/rack-test-0.5.4/lib", "/home/rubys/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p302/gems/rack-mount-0.6.13/lib", "/home/rubys/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p302/gems/rack-1.2.1/lib", "/home/rubys/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p302/gems/erubis-2.6.6/lib", "/home/rubys/git/rails/activemodel/lib", "/home/rubys/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p302/gems/i18n-0.4.1/lib", "/home/rubys/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p302/gems/builder-2.1.2/lib", "/home/rubys/git/rails/activesupport/lib", "/home/rubys/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p302/gems/abstract-1.0.0/lib", "/home/rubys/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p302/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib", "/home/rubys/git/gorp/lib", "/home/rubys/git/arel/lib", "/home/rubys/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p302/gems/bundler-1.0.0/lib", "/home/rubys/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.8.7-p302/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.8", "/home/rubys/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.8.7-p302/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.8/i686-linux", "/home/rubys/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.8.7-p302/lib/ruby/site_ruby", "/home/rubys/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.8.7-p302/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby/1.8", "/home/rubys/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.8.7-p302/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby/1.8/i686-linux", "/home/rubys/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.8.7-p302/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby", "/home/rubys/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.8.7-p302/lib/ruby/1.8", "/home/rubys/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.8.7-p302/lib/ruby/1.8/i686-linux", ".", "/home/rubys/git/awdwr/data/code/e1/ar"]
>> require "connect"
=> true
?> require "rubygems"
=> nil
>> require "active_record"
=> nil
>> class Order < ActiveRecord::Base
>> end
=> nil
?> an_order = Order.new
=> #<Order id: nil, name: nil, address: nil, email: nil, pay_type: nil, created_at: nil, updated_at: nil, customer_email: nil, placed_at: "2010-09-06 01:14:39", attn: nil, order_type: nil, ship_class: "priority", amount: nil, state: nil>
>> an_order.name = "Dave Thomas"
=> "Dave Thomas"
>> an_order.email = "dave@example.com"
=> "dave@example.com"
>> an_order.address = "123 Main St"
=> "123 Main St"
>> an_order.pay_type = "check"
=> "check"
>> an_order.save
=> true
?> Order.new do |o|
?> o.name = "Dave Thomas"
>> # . . .
?> o.save
>> end
=> #<Order id: 4, name: "Dave Thomas", address: nil, email: nil, pay_type: nil, created_at: "2010-09-06 01:16:13", updated_at: "2010-09-06 01:16:13", customer_email: nil, placed_at: "2010-09-06 01:14:39", attn: nil, order_type: nil, ship_class: "priority", amount: nil, state: nil>
?> an_order = Order.new(
?> :name => "Dave Thomas",
?> :email => "dave@example.com",
?> :address => "123 Main St",
?> :pay_type => "check")
=> #<Order id: nil, name: "Dave Thomas", address: "123 Main St", email: "dave@example.com", pay_type: "check", created_at: nil, updated_at: nil, customer_email: nil, placed_at: "2010-09-06 01:14:39", attn: nil, order_type: nil, ship_class: "priority", amount: nil, state: nil>
>> an_order.save
=> true
?> an_order = Order.new
=> #<Order id: nil, name: nil, address: nil, email: nil, pay_type: nil, created_at: nil, updated_at: nil, customer_email: nil, placed_at: "2010-09-06 01:14:39", attn: nil, order_type: nil, ship_class: "priority", amount: nil, state: nil>
>> an_order.name = "Dave Thomas"
=> "Dave Thomas"
>> # ...
?> an_order.save
=> true
>> puts "The ID of this order is #{an_order.id}"
The ID of this order is 6
=> nil
?> an_order = Order.create(
?> :name => "Dave Thomas",
?> :email => "dave@example.com",
?> :address => "123 Main St",
?> :pay_type => "check")
=> #<Order id: 7, name: "Dave Thomas", address: "123 Main St", email: "dave@example.com", pay_type: "check", created_at: "2010-09-06 01:16:13", updated_at: "2010-09-06 01:16:13", customer_email: nil, placed_at: "2010-09-06 01:14:39", attn: nil, order_type: nil, ship_class: "priority", amount: nil, state: nil>
?> orders = Order.create(
?> [ { :name => "Dave Thomas",
?> :email => "dave@example.com",
?> :address => "123 Main St",
?> :pay_type => "check"
>> },
?> { :name => "Andy Hunt",
?> :email => "andy@example.com",
?> :address => "456 Gentle Drive",
?> :pay_type => "po"
>> } ] )
=> [#<Order id: 8, name: "Dave Thomas", address: "123 Main St", email: "dave@example.com", pay_type: "check", created_at: "2010-09-06 01:16:13", updated_at: "2010-09-06 01:16:13", customer_email: nil, placed_at: "2010-09-06 01:14:39", attn: nil, order_type: nil, ship_class: "priority", amount: nil, state: nil>, #<Order id: 9, name: "Andy Hunt", address: "456 Gentle Drive", email: "andy@example.com", pay_type: "po", created_at: "2010-09-06 01:16:13", updated_at: "2010-09-06 01:16:13", customer_email: nil, placed_at: "2010-09-06 01:14:39", attn: nil, order_type: nil, ship_class: "priority", amount: nil, state: nil>]
>> >> => nil
irb e1/ar/find_examples.rb
>> $: << File.dirname(__FILE__)
=> ["/home/rubys/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p302/gems/sqlite3-ruby-1.3.1/lib", "/home/rubys/git/rails/lib", "/home/rubys/git/rails/railties/lib", "/home/rubys/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p302/gems/thor-0.14.0/lib", "/home/rubys/git/rails/activeresource/lib", "/home/rubys/git/rails/activerecord/lib", "/home/rubys/git/rails/actionmailer/lib", "/home/rubys/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p302/gems/mail-2.2.5/lib", "/home/rubys/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p302/gems/treetop-1.4.8/lib", "/home/rubys/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p302/gems/polyglot-0.3.1/lib", "/home/rubys/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p302/gems/mime-types-1.16/lib", "/home/rubys/git/rails/actionpack/lib", "/home/rubys/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p302/gems/tzinfo-0.3.23/lib", "/home/rubys/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p302/gems/rack-test-0.5.4/lib", "/home/rubys/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p302/gems/rack-mount-0.6.13/lib", "/home/rubys/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p302/gems/rack-1.2.1/lib", "/home/rubys/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p302/gems/erubis-2.6.6/lib", "/home/rubys/git/rails/activemodel/lib", "/home/rubys/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p302/gems/i18n-0.4.1/lib", "/home/rubys/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p302/gems/builder-2.1.2/lib", "/home/rubys/git/rails/activesupport/lib", "/home/rubys/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p302/gems/abstract-1.0.0/lib", "/home/rubys/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p302/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib", "/home/rubys/git/gorp/lib", "/home/rubys/git/arel/lib", "/home/rubys/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p302/gems/bundler-1.0.0/lib", "/home/rubys/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.8.7-p302/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.8", "/home/rubys/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.8.7-p302/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.8/i686-linux", "/home/rubys/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.8.7-p302/lib/ruby/site_ruby", "/home/rubys/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.8.7-p302/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby/1.8", "/home/rubys/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.8.7-p302/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby/1.8/i686-linux", "/home/rubys/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.8.7-p302/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby", "/home/rubys/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.8.7-p302/lib/ruby/1.8", "/home/rubys/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.8.7-p302/lib/ruby/1.8/i686-linux", ".", "/home/rubys/git/awdwr/data/code/e1/ar"]
>> require "connect"
=> true
>> require "logger"
=> nil
>> ActiveRecord::Base.logger = Logger.new(STDERR)
=> #<Logger:0xb6ac3aa8 @default_formatter=#<Logger::Formatter:0xb6ac3a80 @datetime_format=nil>, @logdev=#<Logger::LogDevice:0xb6ac3a58 @filename=nil, @mutex=#<Logger::LogDevice::LogDeviceMutex:0xb6ac3a30 @mon_entering_queue=[], @mon_count=0, @mon_owner=nil, @mon_waiting_queue=[]>, @dev=#<IO:0xb74d7558>, @shift_size=nil, @shift_age=nil>, @level=0, @formatter=nil, @progname=nil>
?> require "rubygems"
=> nil
>> require "active_record"
=> nil
>> require "pp"
=> ["PP"]
>> @params = {}
=> {}
>> def params
>> @params
>> end
=> nil
?> class Order < ActiveRecord::Base
>> named_scope :check, :conditions => {:pay_type => 'check'}
>> named_scope :cc, :conditions => {:pay_type => 'cc'}
>> named_scope :po, :conditions => {:pay_type => 'po'}
>> end
=> #<Proc:0xb6e2bab0@/home/rubys/git/rails/activerecord/lib/active_record/named_scope.rb:106>
?> class Order < ActiveRecord::Base
>> named_scope :recent, :conditions => ['created_at > ?', 1.week.ago]
>> named_scope :since, lambda { |range|
?> { :conditions => ['created_at > ?', range] }
>> }
>> end
=> #<Proc:0xb6e2bab0@/home/rubys/git/rails/activerecord/lib/active_record/named_scope.rb:106>
>> class LineItem < ActiveRecord::Base
>> end
=> nil
>> class Product < ActiveRecord::Base
>> end
=> nil
?> # return an arbitrary order
?> order = Order.find(:first)
*[1m*[36mSQL (9.4ms) *[1m SELECT name
FROM sqlite_master
WHERE type = 'table' AND NOT name = 'sqlite_sequence'
*[1m*[35mOrder Load (0.4ms) SELECT "orders".* FROM "orders" LIMIT 1
=> #<Order id: 1, name: "Dave Thomas", address: "123 Main St", email: "customer@example.com", pay_type: "check", created_at: "2010-09-06 01:12:22", updated_at: "2010-09-06 01:12:22", customer_email: nil, placed_at: "2010-09-06 01:14:39", attn: nil, order_type: nil, ship_class: "priority", amount: nil, state: nil>
>> # return an order for Dave
?> order = Order.find(:first, :conditions => "name = 'Dave Thomas'")
*[1m*[36mOrder Load (0.4ms) *[1mSELECT "orders".* FROM "orders" WHERE (name = 'Dave Thomas') LIMIT 1
=> #<Order id: 1, name: "Dave Thomas", address: "123 Main St", email: "customer@example.com", pay_type: "check", created_at: "2010-09-06 01:12:22", updated_at: "2010-09-06 01:12:22", customer_email: nil, placed_at: "2010-09-06 01:14:39", attn: nil, order_type: nil, ship_class: "priority", amount: nil, state: nil>
>> # return the latest order for Dave
?> order = Order.find(:first,
?> :conditions => "name = 'Dave Thomas'",
?> :order => "id DESC")
*[1m*[35mOrder Load (0.4ms) SELECT "orders".* FROM "orders" WHERE (name = 'Dave Thomas') ORDER BY id DESC LIMIT 1
=> #<Order id: 8, name: "Dave Thomas", address: "123 Main St", email: "dave@example.com", pay_type: "check", created_at: "2010-09-06 01:16:13", updated_at: "2010-09-06 01:16:13", customer_email: nil, placed_at: "2010-09-06 01:14:39", attn: nil, order_type: nil, ship_class: "priority", amount: nil, state: nil>
?> orders = LineItem.find_by_sql("select line_items.* from line_items, orders " +
?> " where order_id = orders.id " +
?> " and orders.name = 'Dave Thomas' ")
*[1m*[36mLineItem Load (0.4ms) *[1mselect line_items.* from line_items, orders where order_id = orders.id and orders.name = 'Dave Thomas'
=> [#<LineItem id: 1, product_id: 3, order_id: 1, quantity: 1, total_price: 2850, created_at: "2010-09-06 01:12:22", updated_at: "2010-09-06 01:12:22", unit_price: #<BigDecimal:b6d30160,'0.285E2',8(8)>>]
?> orders = Order.find_by_sql("select name, pay_type from orders")
*[1m*[35mOrder Load (0.4ms) select name, pay_type from orders
=> [#<Order name: "Dave Thomas", pay_type: "check">, #<Order name: "Joe User", pay_type: "check">, #<Order name: "Dave Thomas", pay_type: "check">, #<Order name: "Dave Thomas", pay_type: nil>, #<Order name: "Dave Thomas", pay_type: "check">, #<Order name: "Dave Thomas", pay_type: nil>, #<Order name: "Dave Thomas", pay_type: "check">, #<Order name: "Dave Thomas", pay_type: "check">, #<Order name: "Andy Hunt", pay_type: "po">]
>> first = orders[0]
=> #<Order name: "Dave Thomas", pay_type: "check">
>> p first.attributes
{"name"=>"Dave Thomas", "pay_type"=>"check"}
=> nil
>> p first.attribute_names
["name", "pay_type"]
=> nil
>> p first.attribute_present?("address")
false
=> nil
?> p Order.all
*[1m*[36mOrder Load (0.9ms) *[1mSELECT "orders".* FROM "orders"
[#<Order id: 1, name: "Dave Thomas", address: "123 Main St", email: "customer@example.com", pay_type: "check", created_at: "2010-09-06 01:12:22", updated_at: "2010-09-06 01:12:22", customer_email: nil, placed_at: "2010-09-06 01:14:39", attn: nil, order_type: nil, ship_class: "priority", amount: nil, state: nil>, #<Order id: 2, name: "Joe User", address: "123 Main St., Anytown USA", email: "juser@hotmail.com", pay_type: "check", created_at: "2010-09-06 01:13:09", updated_at: "2010-09-06 01:13:09", customer_email: nil, placed_at: "2010-09-06 01:14:39", attn: nil, order_type: nil, ship_class: "priority", amount: nil, state: nil>, #<Order id: 3, name: "Dave Thomas", address: "123 Main St", email: "dave@example.com", pay_type: "check", created_at: "2010-09-06 01:16:13", updated_at: "2010-09-06 01:16:13", customer_email: nil, placed_at: "2010-09-06 01:14:39", attn: nil, order_type: nil, ship_class: "priority", amount: nil, state: nil>, #<Order id: 4, name: "Dave Thomas", address: nil, email: nil, pay_type: nil, created_at: "2010-09-06 01:16:13", updated_at: "2010-09-06 01:16:13", customer_email: nil, placed_at: "2010-09-06 01:14:39", attn: nil, order_type: nil, ship_class: "priority", amount: nil, state: nil>, #<Order id: 5, name: "Dave Thomas", address: "123 Main St", email: "dave@example.com", pay_type: "check", created_at: "2010-09-06 01:16:13", updated_at: "2010-09-06 01:16:13", customer_email: nil, placed_at: "2010-09-06 01:14:39", attn: nil, order_type: nil, ship_class: "priority", amount: nil, state: nil>, #<Order id: 6, name: "Dave Thomas", address: nil, email: nil, pay_type: nil, created_at: "2010-09-06 01:16:13", updated_at: "2010-09-06 01:16:13", customer_email: nil, placed_at: "2010-09-06 01:14:39", attn: nil, order_type: nil, ship_class: "priority", amount: nil, state: nil>, #<Order id: 7, name: "Dave Thomas", address: "123 Main St", email: "dave@example.com", pay_type: "check", created_at: "2010-09-06 01:16:13", updated_at: "2010-09-06 01:16:13", customer_email: nil, placed_at: "2010-09-06 01:14:39", attn: nil, order_type: nil, ship_class: "priority", amount: nil, state: nil>, #<Order id: 8, name: "Dave Thomas", address: "123 Main St", email: "dave@example.com", pay_type: "check", created_at: "2010-09-06 01:16:13", updated_at: "2010-09-06 01:16:13", customer_email: nil, placed_at: "2010-09-06 01:14:39", attn: nil, order_type: nil, ship_class: "priority", amount: nil, state: nil>, #<Order id: 9, name: "Andy Hunt", address: "456 Gentle Drive", email: "andy@example.com", pay_type: "po", created_at: "2010-09-06 01:16:13", updated_at: "2010-09-06 01:16:13", customer_email: nil, placed_at: "2010-09-06 01:14:39", attn: nil, order_type: nil, ship_class: "priority", amount: nil, state: nil>]
=> nil
>> p Order.check(:order => "created_on desc").first
*[1m*[35mOrder Load (0.4ms) SELECT "orders".* FROM "orders" WHERE ("orders"."pay_type" = 'check') LIMIT 1
#<Order id: 1, name: "Dave Thomas", address: "123 Main St", email: "customer@example.com", pay_type: "check", created_at: "2010-09-06 01:12:22", updated_at: "2010-09-06 01:12:22", customer_email: nil, placed_at: "2010-09-06 01:14:39", attn: nil, order_type: nil, ship_class: "priority", amount: nil, state: nil>
=> nil
>> p Order.po.recent.count
*[1m*[36mSQL (0.3ms) *[1mSELECT COUNT(*) AS count_id FROM "orders" WHERE ("orders"."pay_type" = 'po') AND (created_at > '2010-08-30 01:16:15.655339')
1
=> nil
>> p Order.check.find_by_name('Dave Thomas')
*[1m*[35mOrder Load (0.4ms) SELECT "orders".* FROM "orders" WHERE ("orders"."pay_type" = 'check') AND ("orders"."name" = 'Dave Thomas') LIMIT 1
#<Order id: 1, name: "Dave Thomas", address: "123 Main St", email: "customer@example.com", pay_type: "check", created_at: "2010-09-06 01:12:22", updated_at: "2010-09-06 01:12:22", customer_email: nil, placed_at: "2010-09-06 01:14:39", attn: nil, order_type: nil, ship_class: "priority", amount: nil, state: nil>
=> nil
?> p Order.po.recent(:order => :created_at).to_a
*[1m*[36mOrder Load (0.4ms) *[1mSELECT "orders".* FROM "orders" WHERE ("orders"."pay_type" = 'po') AND (created_at > '2010-08-30 01:16:15.655339')
[#<Order id: 9, name: "Andy Hunt", address: "456 Gentle Drive", email: "andy@example.com", pay_type: "po", created_at: "2010-09-06 01:16:13", updated_at: "2010-09-06 01:16:13", customer_email: nil, placed_at: "2010-09-06 01:14:39", attn: nil, order_type: nil, ship_class: "priority", amount: nil, state: nil>]
=> nil
>> p Order.po.since(1.week.ago).to_a
*[1m*[35mOrder Load (0.4ms) SELECT "orders".* FROM "orders" WHERE ("orders"."pay_type" = 'po') AND (created_at > '2010-08-30 01:16:15.858898')
[#<Order id: 9, name: "Andy Hunt", address: "456 Gentle Drive", email: "andy@example.com", pay_type: "po", created_at: "2010-09-06 01:16:13", updated_at: "2010-09-06 01:16:13", customer_email: nil, placed_at: "2010-09-06 01:14:39", attn: nil, order_type: nil, ship_class: "priority", amount: nil, state: nil>]
=> nil
>> LineItem.delete_all
*[1m*[36mSQL (6.1ms) *[1mDELETE FROM "line_items" WHERE 1=1
=> 2
>> Product.delete_all
*[1m*[35mSQL (2.1ms) DELETE FROM "products" WHERE 1=1
=> 3
>> p = Product.create(:title => "Programming Ruby", :price => 49.95)
*[1m*[36mSQL (0.3ms) *[1mINSERT INTO "products" ("created_at", "description", "image_url", "price", "title", "updated_at") VALUES ('2010-09-06 01:16:15.890709', NULL, NULL, 49.95, 'Programming Ruby', '2010-09-06 01:16:15.890709')
=> #<Product id: 5, title: "Programming Ruby", description: nil, image_url: nil, created_at: "2010-09-06 01:16:15", updated_at: "2010-09-06 01:16:15", price: #<BigDecimal:b6b7df34,'0.4995E2',8(8)>>
>> LineItem.create(:quantity => 2, :unit_price => 49.95, :total_price => 99.90,
?> :product_id => p.id, :order_id => first)
*[1m*[35mSQL (0.5ms) INSERT INTO "line_items" ("created_at", "order_id", "product_id", "quantity", "total_price", "unit_price", "updated_at") VALUES ('2010-09-06 01:16:15.916778', 1, 5, 2, 99, 49.95, '2010-09-06 01:16:15.916778')
=> #<LineItem id: 3, product_id: 5, order_id: 1, quantity: 2, total_price: 99, created_at: "2010-09-06 01:16:15", updated_at: "2010-09-06 01:16:15", unit_price: #<BigDecimal:b6adccd8,'0.4995E2',8(8)>>
?> items = LineItem.find_by_sql("select *, " +
?> " quantity*unit_price as total_price, " +
?> " products.title as title " +
?> " from line_items, products " +
?> " where line_items.product_id = products.id ")
*[1m*[36mLineItem Load (0.4ms) *[1mselect *, quantity*unit_price as total_price, products.title as title from line_items, products where line_items.product_id = products.id
=> [#<LineItem id: 5, product_id: 5, order_id: 1, quantity: 2, total_price: 99, created_at: "2010-09-06 01:16:15", updated_at: "2010-09-06 01:16:15", unit_price: #<BigDecimal:b6ac4e6c,'0.4995E2',8(8)>>]
>> li = items[0]
=> #<LineItem id: 5, product_id: 5, order_id: 1, quantity: 2, total_price: 99, created_at: "2010-09-06 01:16:15", updated_at: "2010-09-06 01:16:15", unit_price: #<BigDecimal:b6ac338c,'0.4995E2',8(8)>>
>> puts "#{li.title}: #{li.quantity}x#{li.unit_price} => #{li.total_price}"
Programming Ruby: 2x49.95 => 99
=> nil
?> c1 = Order.count
*[1m*[35mSQL (0.2ms) SELECT COUNT(*) AS count_id FROM "orders"
=> 9
>> c2 = Order.count(:conditions => ["name = ?", "Dave Thomas"])
*[1m*[36mSQL (0.3ms) *[1mSELECT COUNT(*) AS count_id FROM "orders" WHERE (name = 'Dave Thomas')
=> 7
>> c3 = LineItem.count_by_sql("select count(*) " +
?> " from line_items, orders " +
?> " where line_items.order_id = orders.id " +
?> " and orders.name = 'Dave Thomas' ")
*[1m*[35mLineItem Count (0.3ms) select count(*) from line_items, orders where line_items.order_id = orders.id and orders.name = 'Dave Thomas'
=> 1
>> puts "Dave has #{c3} line items in #{c2} orders (#{c1} orders in all)"
Dave has 1 line items in 7 orders (9 orders in all)
=> nil
?> order = Order.find_by_name("Dave Thomas")
*[1m*[36mOrder Load (0.4ms) *[1mSELECT "orders".* FROM "orders" WHERE ("orders"."name" = 'Dave Thomas') LIMIT 1
=> #<Order id: 1, name: "Dave Thomas", address: "123 Main St", email: "customer@example.com", pay_type: "check", created_at: "2010-09-06 01:12:22", updated_at: "2010-09-06 01:12:22", customer_email: nil, placed_at: "2010-09-06 01:14:39", attn: nil, order_type: nil, ship_class: "priority", amount: nil, state: nil>
>> orders = Order.find_all_by_name("Dave Thomas")
*[1m*[35mOrder Load (0.8ms) SELECT "orders".* FROM "orders" WHERE ("orders"."name" = 'Dave Thomas')
=> [#<Order id: 1, name: "Dave Thomas", address: "123 Main St", email: "customer@example.com", pay_type: "check", created_at: "2010-09-06 01:12:22", updated_at: "2010-09-06 01:12:22", customer_email: nil, placed_at: "2010-09-06 01:14:39", attn: nil, order_type: nil, ship_class: "priority", amount: nil, state: nil>, #<Order id: 3, name: "Dave Thomas", address: "123 Main St", email: "dave@example.com", pay_type: "check", created_at: "2010-09-06 01:16:13", updated_at: "2010-09-06 01:16:13", customer_email: nil, placed_at: "2010-09-06 01:14:39", attn: nil, order_type: nil, ship_class: "priority", amount: nil, state: nil>, #<Order id: 4, name: "Dave Thomas", address: nil, email: nil, pay_type: nil, created_at: "2010-09-06 01:16:13", updated_at: "2010-09-06 01:16:13", customer_email: nil, placed_at: "2010-09-06 01:14:39", attn: nil, order_type: nil, ship_class: "priority", amount: nil, state: nil>, #<Order id: 5, name: "Dave Thomas", address: "123 Main St", email: "dave@example.com", pay_type: "check", created_at: "2010-09-06 01:16:13", updated_at: "2010-09-06 01:16:13", customer_email: nil, placed_at: "2010-09-06 01:14:39", attn: nil, order_type: nil, ship_class: "priority", amount: nil, state: nil>, #<Order id: 6, name: "Dave Thomas", address: nil, email: nil, pay_type: nil, created_at: "2010-09-06 01:16:13", updated_at: "2010-09-06 01:16:13", customer_email: nil, placed_at: "2010-09-06 01:14:39", attn: nil, order_type: nil, ship_class: "priority", amount: nil, state: nil>, #<Order id: 7, name: "Dave Thomas", address: "123 Main St", email: "dave@example.com", pay_type: "check", created_at: "2010-09-06 01:16:13", updated_at: "2010-09-06 01:16:13", customer_email: nil, placed_at: "2010-09-06 01:14:39", attn: nil, order_type: nil, ship_class: "priority", amount: nil, state: nil>, #<Order id: 8, name: "Dave Thomas", address: "123 Main St", email: "dave@example.com", pay_type: "check", created_at: "2010-09-06 01:16:13", updated_at: "2010-09-06 01:16:13", customer_email: nil, placed_at: "2010-09-06 01:14:39", attn: nil, order_type: nil, ship_class: "priority", amount: nil, state: nil>]
>> orders = Order.find_all_by_email(params['email'])
*[1m*[36mOrder Load (0.4ms) *[1mSELECT "orders".* FROM "orders" WHERE ("orders"."email" IS NULL)
=> [#<Order id: 4, name: "Dave Thomas", address: nil, email: nil, pay_type: nil, created_at: "2010-09-06 01:16:13", updated_at: "2010-09-06 01:16:13", customer_email: nil, placed_at: "2010-09-06 01:14:39", attn: nil, order_type: nil, ship_class: "priority", amount: nil, state: nil>, #<Order id: 6, name: "Dave Thomas", address: nil, email: nil, pay_type: nil, created_at: "2010-09-06 01:16:13", updated_at: "2010-09-06 01:16:13", customer_email: nil, placed_at: "2010-09-06 01:14:39", attn: nil, order_type: nil, ship_class: "priority", amount: nil, state: nil>]
>> o = LineItem.find(:all,
?> :conditions => "pr.title = 'Programming Ruby'",
?> :joins => "inner join products as pr on line_items.product_id = pr.id")
*[1m*[35mLineItem Load (0.3ms) SELECT "line_items".* FROM "line_items" inner join products as pr on line_items.product_id = pr.id WHERE (pr.title = 'Programming Ruby')
=> [#<LineItem id: 3, product_id: 5, order_id: 1, quantity: 2, total_price: 99, created_at: "2010-09-06 01:16:15", updated_at: "2010-09-06 01:16:15", unit_price: #<BigDecimal:b6a434fc,'0.4995E2',8(8)>>]
>> p o.size
1
=> nil
>> LineItem.delete_all
*[1m*[36mSQL (2.5ms) *[1mDELETE FROM "line_items" WHERE 1=1
=> 1
>> res = Order.update_all("pay_type = 'wibble'")
*[1m*[35mSQL (2.2ms) UPDATE "orders" SET pay_type = 'wibble'
=> 9
>> p res
9
=> nil
>> res = Order.delete_all(["pay_type = ?", "wibble"])
*[1m*[36mSQL (4.3ms) *[1mDELETE FROM "orders" WHERE (pay_type = 'wibble')
=> 9
>> p res
9
=> nil
irb e1/ar/dump_serialize_table.rb
>> $: << File.dirname(__FILE__)
=> ["/home/rubys/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p302/gems/sqlite3-ruby-1.3.1/lib", "/home/rubys/git/rails/lib", "/home/rubys/git/rails/railties/lib", "/home/rubys/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p302/gems/thor-0.14.0/lib", "/home/rubys/git/rails/activeresource/lib", "/home/rubys/git/rails/activerecord/lib", "/home/rubys/git/rails/actionmailer/lib", "/home/rubys/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p302/gems/mail-2.2.5/lib", "/home/rubys/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p302/gems/treetop-1.4.8/lib", "/home/rubys/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p302/gems/polyglot-0.3.1/lib", "/home/rubys/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p302/gems/mime-types-1.16/lib", "/home/rubys/git/rails/actionpack/lib", "/home/rubys/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p302/gems/tzinfo-0.3.23/lib", "/home/rubys/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p302/gems/rack-test-0.5.4/lib", "/home/rubys/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p302/gems/rack-mount-0.6.13/lib", "/home/rubys/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p302/gems/rack-1.2.1/lib", "/home/rubys/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p302/gems/erubis-2.6.6/lib", "/home/rubys/git/rails/activemodel/lib", "/home/rubys/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p302/gems/i18n-0.4.1/lib", "/home/rubys/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p302/gems/builder-2.1.2/lib", "/home/rubys/git/rails/activesupport/lib", "/home/rubys/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p302/gems/abstract-1.0.0/lib", "/home/rubys/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p302/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib", "/home/rubys/git/gorp/lib", "/home/rubys/git/arel/lib", "/home/rubys/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p302/gems/bundler-1.0.0/lib", "/home/rubys/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.8.7-p302/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.8", "/home/rubys/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.8.7-p302/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.8/i686-linux", "/home/rubys/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.8.7-p302/lib/ruby/site_ruby", "/home/rubys/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.8.7-p302/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby/1.8", "/home/rubys/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.8.7-p302/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby/1.8/i686-linux", "/home/rubys/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.8.7-p302/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby", "/home/rubys/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.8.7-p302/lib/ruby/1.8", "/home/rubys/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.8.7-p302/lib/ruby/1.8/i686-linux", ".", "/home/rubys/git/awdwr/data/code/e1/ar"]
>> require 'connect'
=> true
>> require 'rubygems'
=> nil
>> require 'active_record'
=> nil
>> require 'pp'
=> ["PP"]
>> ActiveRecord::Schema.define do
?> create_table :purchases, :force => true do |t|
?> t.string :name
>> t.text :last_five
>> end
>> end
-- create_table(:purchases, {:force=>true})
-> 0.0200s
=> nil
?> class Purchase < ActiveRecord::Base
>> serialize :last_five
>> # ...
?> end
=> Object
?> purchase = Purchase.new
=> #<Purchase id: nil, name: nil, last_five: nil>
>> purchase.name = "Dave Thomas"
=> "Dave Thomas"
>> purchase.last_five = [ 'shoes', 'shirt', 'socks', 'ski mask', 'shorts' ]
=> ["shoes", "shirt", "socks", "ski mask", "shorts"]
>> purchase.save
=> true
?> purchase = Purchase.find_by_name("Dave Thomas")
=> #<Purchase id: 1, name: "Dave Thomas", last_five: ["shoes", "shirt", "socks", "ski mask", "shorts"]>
>> pp purchase.last_five
["shoes", "shirt", "socks", "ski mask", "shorts"]
=> nil
>> pp purchase.last_five[3]
"ski mask"
=> nil
>> >> => nil
irb e1/ar/aggregation.rb
>> $: << File.dirname(__FILE__)
=> ["/home/rubys/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p302/gems/sqlite3-ruby-1.3.1/lib", "/home/rubys/git/rails/lib", "/home/rubys/git/rails/railties/lib", "/home/rubys/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p302/gems/thor-0.14.0/lib", "/home/rubys/git/rails/activeresource/lib", "/home/rubys/git/rails/activerecord/lib", "/home/rubys/git/rails/actionmailer/lib", "/home/rubys/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p302/gems/mail-2.2.5/lib", "/home/rubys/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p302/gems/treetop-1.4.8/lib", "/home/rubys/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p302/gems/polyglot-0.3.1/lib", "/home/rubys/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p302/gems/mime-types-1.16/lib", "/home/rubys/git/rails/actionpack/lib", "/home/rubys/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p302/gems/tzinfo-0.3.23/lib", "/home/rubys/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p302/gems/rack-test-0.5.4/lib", "/home/rubys/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p302/gems/rack-mount-0.6.13/lib", "/home/rubys/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p302/gems/rack-1.2.1/lib", "/home/rubys/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p302/gems/erubis-2.6.6/lib", "/home/rubys/git/rails/activemodel/lib", "/home/rubys/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p302/gems/i18n-0.4.1/lib", "/home/rubys/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p302/gems/builder-2.1.2/lib", "/home/rubys/git/rails/activesupport/lib", "/home/rubys/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p302/gems/abstract-1.0.0/lib", "/home/rubys/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p302/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib", "/home/rubys/git/gorp/lib", "/home/rubys/git/arel/lib", "/home/rubys/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p302/gems/bundler-1.0.0/lib", "/home/rubys/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.8.7-p302/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.8", "/home/rubys/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.8.7-p302/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.8/i686-linux", "/home/rubys/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.8.7-p302/lib/ruby/site_ruby", "/home/rubys/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.8.7-p302/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby/1.8", "/home/rubys/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.8.7-p302/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby/1.8/i686-linux", "/home/rubys/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.8.7-p302/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby", "/home/rubys/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.8.7-p302/lib/ruby/1.8", "/home/rubys/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.8.7-p302/lib/ruby/1.8/i686-linux", ".", "/home/rubys/git/awdwr/data/code/e1/ar"]
>> require "connect"
=> true
>> require "logger"
=> nil
>> require "pp"
=> ["PP"]
>> #ActiveRecord::Base.logger = Logger.new(STDERR)
?> #require "rubygems"
?> #require_gem "active_record"
?> ActiveRecord::Schema.define do
?> create_table :customers, :force => true do |t|
?> t.datetime :created_at
>> t.decimal :credit_limit, :precision => 10, :scale => 2, :default => 100
>> t.string :first_name
>> t.string :initials
>> t.string :last_name
>> t.datetime :last_purchase
>> t.integer :purchase_count, :default => 0
>> end
>> end
-- create_table(:customers, {:force=>true})
-> 0.0271s
=> nil
?> class LastFive
>> attr_reader :list
>> # Takes a string containing "a,b,c" and
?> # stores [ 'a', 'b', 'c' ]
?> def initialize(list_as_string)
>> @list = list_as_string.split(/,/)
>> end
>> # Returns our contents as a
?> # comma delimited string
?> def last_five
>> @list.join(',')
>> end
>> end
=> nil
?> class Purchase < ActiveRecord::Base
>> composed_of :last_five
>> end
=> #<ActiveRecord::Reflection::AggregateReflection:0xb6e022b4 @macro=:composed_of, @name=:last_five, @options={}, @active_record=Purchase(id: integer, name: string, last_five: text)>
>> Purchase.delete_all
=> 1
?> Purchase.create(:last_five => LastFive.new("3,4,5"))
=> #<Purchase id: 2, name: nil, last_five: "3,4,5">
>> purchase = Purchase.find(:first)
=> #<Purchase id: 2, name: nil, last_five: "3,4,5">
>> puts purchase.last_five.list[1] #=> 4
4
=> nil
?> class Name
>> attr_reader :first, :initials, :last
>> def initialize(first, initials, last)
>> @first = first
>> @initials = initials
>> @last = last
>> end
>> def to_s
>> [ @first, @initials, @last ].compact.join(" ")
>> end
>> end
=> nil
?> class Customer < ActiveRecord::Base
>> composed_of :name,
?> :class_name => "Name",
?> :mapping =>
?> [ # database ruby
?> %w[ first_name first ],
?> %w[ initials initials ],
?> %w[ last_name last ]
>> ]
>> end
=> #<ActiveRecord::Reflection::AggregateReflection:0xb6c2c1d8 @macro=:composed_of, @name=:name, @options={:class_name=>"Name", :mapping=>[["first_name", "first"], ["initials", "initials"], ["last_name", "last"]]}, @active_record=Customer(id: integer, created_at: datetime, credit_limit: decimal, first_name: string, initials: string, last_name: string, last_purchase: datetime, purchase_count: integer)>
>> Customer.delete_all
=> 0
?> name = Name.new("Dwight", "D", "Eisenhower")
=> #<Name:0xb6c11ab8 @last="Eisenhower", @initials="D", @first="Dwight">
>> Customer.create(:credit_limit => 1000, :name => name)
=> #<Customer id: 1, created_at: "2010-09-06 01:16:20", credit_limit: #<BigDecimal:b6bcabb8,'0.1E4',4(8)>, first_name: "Dwight", initials: "D", last_name: "Eisenhower", last_purchase: nil, purchase_count: 0>
>> customer = Customer.find(:first)
=> #<Customer id: 1, created_at: "2010-09-06 01:16:20", credit_limit: #<BigDecimal:b6bb5510,'0.1E4',4(8)>, first_name: "Dwight", initials: "D", last_name: "Eisenhower", last_purchase: nil, purchase_count: 0>
>> puts customer.name.first #=> Dwight
Dwight
=> nil
>> puts customer.name.last #=> Eisenhower
Eisenhower
=> nil
>> puts customer.name.to_s #=> Dwight D Eisenhower
Dwight D Eisenhower
=> nil
>> customer.name = Name.new("Harry", nil, "Truman")
=> #<Name:0xb6ba582c @last="Truman", @initials=nil, @first="Harry">
>> customer.save
=> true
>> >> => nil